Determination of the Canal Discharge Capacity Ratio and Roughness to Assess Its Maintenance Status: Application in Egypt

Waterlogging and soil salinity issues can be handled using surface or subsurface drainage networks, bed elevation, crop management patterns. A properly operating maintained system is important for both rural urban inhabitants to protect lives property from flooding high groundwater levels, enhance health conditions, safeguards water purity, salinity, waterlogging. It also supports increases yields consequently incomes. This study assessed the maintenance condition of main drains (Baloza ELFarama) located in Tina Plain (50,000 acres) a portion Southeast El-Kantara regions (25,000 North Sinai, Egypt, based on values Discharge Capacity Ratio (DCR) Manning’s roughness (n). Ten measurement locations at drain cross-section were used investigation. For ELFarama Drain, average n DCR found 0.029 86.2%, Baloza they 0.032 78.6%, respectively. Compared design values, actual was higher, indicating that canals’ capacities had been reduced their upkeep inadequate. In drains, sedimentation present need maintained, according hydrographic surveying results cross-sections compared planned cross-sections. methodology channel method presented. removing vegetation dredging sediment, long-boom mechanical hydraulic excavator with bucket suggested conducted every two years. To this study, amount weed infestation vegetated channels factor affects coefficient value. now easier calculate proportion weeds are submerged echo-sound sonar technology. The an affordable simple assess status sustainable agriculture.